Clinical–histopathological correlation of breast cancer in patients treated at Bertha Calderón Roque Hospital

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the clinical stage and the histopathological staging of breast cancer in patients treated at the Oncology Department of the Bertha Calderón Roque Hospital during the period from January to December 2023. Material and method: A retrospective, correlational, and analytical study. The sample consisted of 83 cases of early-stage breast cancer that met the inclusion criteria. Clinical history, clinical findings, and histopathological results were recorded. Results: The average age at diagnosis was 57 years. Various clinical characteristics were observed, including variability in tumor size, laterality, and the presence of palpable lymph nodes. Mastectomy was the most frequent surgical intervention (54.2%), while the most common initial treatment was neoadjuvant chemotherapy (59.0%). Histopathological analysis showed a predominance of grade 2 infiltrating ductal carcinomas and a significant association between the clinical stage and the histopathological outcome. Conclusions: A statistically significant association was identified between the clinical stage and the histopathological staging of breast cancer. In addition, a direct correlation was observed between tumor size, the presence of axillary lymph node metastases, and a worse prognosis for the patient.